Cow's milk allergy is a reproducible immune-mediated allergic response to one or more proteins in cow's milk. It can be classified according to the underlying immune mechanism:
Immunoglobulin (Ig)E-mediated food allergy produces immediate symptoms, which may affect multiple organ systems, typically up to 2 hours after cow's milk ingestion.
Non-IgE-mediated food allergy reactions usually manifest between 2 and 72 hours after cow's milk ingestion.
Mixed IgE and non-IgE allergic reactions are typically delayed.
Cow's milk allergy is one of the most common presentations of food allergy seen in early childhood. Almost all cases present before one year of age.
NICE ( NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CLINICAL EXCELLENCE GUIDELINE )
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